The commercial lines sector of the property/casualty insurance industry generally provides insurance products for businesses as opposed to the personal lines sector, which offers products for individuals and households. However, the division between commercial and personal coverages is not precise. For example, inland marine insurance, which is included in the commercial lines sector, may cover some personal property such as expensive jewelry and fine art.
Leading Companies
Top 10 Writers Of Commercial Lines Insurance By Direct Premiums Written, 2023
Rank |
Group/company |
Direct premiums written (1) |
Market share (2) |
1 |
Chubb Ltd. |
$25,513,446 |
5.5% |
2 |
Travelers Companies Inc. |
24,126,398 |
5.2 |
3 |
Liberty Mutual |
20,191,208 |
4.3 |
4 |
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. |
18,434,943 |
4.0 |
5 |
Zurich Insurance Group |
18,021,524 |
3.9 |
6 |
American International Group (AIG) |
14,102,731 |
3.0 |
7 |
CNA Financial Corp. |
12,782,325 |
2.7 |
8 |
Hartford Financial Services |
12,738,362 |
2.7 |
9 |
Progressive |
11,482,962 |
2.5 |
10 |
Tokio Marine |
9,846,421 |
2.1 |
|
(1) Before reinsurance transactions, includes state funds.
(2) Based on U.S. total, excluding territories.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Top 10 Commercial Insurance Brokers Of U.S. Business By Revenue, 2023 (1)
Rank |
Company |
Brokerage revenues |
1 |
Marsh & McLennan Cos. Inc. (1), (2) |
$10,726 |
2 |
Aon PLC (1), (2) |
7,744 |
3 |
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co. (1), (2) |
6,211 |
4 |
Willis Towers Watson PLC (1) |
4,931 |
5 |
Alliant Insurance Services Inc. (1), (2) |
3,833 |
6 |
Brown & Brown Inc. (1), (2) |
3,674 |
7 |
Truist Insurance Holdings Inc. (1), (2) |
3,392 |
8 |
Acrisure LLC (1) |
3,382 |
9 |
Hub International Ltd. (1), (2) |
3,369 |
10 |
USI Insurance Services LLC (1), (2) |
2,653 |
|
(1) Companies that derive more than 49 percent of revenues from personal lines are not ranked.
(2) Reported U.S. acquisitions in 2023.
Source: Business Insurance (www.businessinsurance.com), July/August 2024.
View Archived Tables
Workers Compensation Insurance And Excess Workers Compensation
Workers compensation insurance provides for the cost of medical care and rehabilitation for injured workers and lost wages and death benefits for the dependents of persons killed in work-related accidents. Workers compensation systems vary from state to state. Workers compensation combined ratios are expressed in two ways: calendar year results reflect claim payments and changes in reserves for accidents that happened in that year or earlier; and accident year results only include losses from a particular year. Excess workers compensation, a coverage geared to employers that self-insure for workers compensation, comes into play when claims exceed a designated dollar amount.
Workers Compensation Insurance, 2014-2023
|
|
|
Combined ratio (1) |
Year |
Net premiums
written (2) |
Annual percent
change |
Calendar
year (3) |
Annual point
change (4) |
Accident
year (5) |
Annual point
change |
2014 |
$43,753,885 |
6.3% |
101.9 |
-1.2 pts. |
88 |
-5 pts. |
2015 |
45,355,102 |
3.7 |
95.5 |
-6.4 |
85 |
-3 |
2016 |
45,619,831 |
0.6 |
95.6 |
0.1 |
84 |
-1 |
2017 |
45,047,380 |
-1.3 |
92.2 |
-3.4 |
86 |
2 |
2018 |
48,614,131 |
7.9 |
86.3 |
-5.8 |
88 |
2 |
2019 |
47,146,756 |
-3.0 |
88.3 |
2.0 |
93 |
5 |
2020 |
42,529,620 |
-9.8 |
90.2 |
1.9 |
95 |
2 |
2021 |
43,159,123 |
1.5 |
91.5 |
1.3 |
100 |
5 |
2022 |
47,604,071 |
10.3 |
87.4 |
-4.0 |
97 |
-3 |
2023 |
47,975,234 |
0.8 |
88.1 |
0.7 |
98 |
1 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calendar year data from S&P Global Market Intelligence
(4) Calculated from unrounded data.
(5) Accident year data from the National Council on Compensation Insurance (NCCI).
(6) Estimated by NCCI.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute; National Council on Compensation Insurance.
View Archived Tables
Workers Compensation Benefits, Coverage And Costs, 2021
|
2021 |
Percent change,
2017-2021 |
Covered workers (000) |
140,227 |
-0.1% |
Covered wages ($ billions) |
$9,497 |
22.0 |
Workers compensation benefits paid ($ billions) |
60.0 |
-4.3 |
Medical benefits |
28.5 |
-9.3 |
Cash benefits |
31.5 |
0.7 |
Employer costs for workers compensation ($ billions) |
96.0 |
-5.6 |
|
View Archived Tables
Excess Workers Compensation Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$920,223 |
9.0% |
108.2 |
39.0 pts. |
2015 |
929,393 |
1.0 |
113.6 |
5.4 |
2016 |
889,191 |
-4.3 |
111.6 |
-2.0 |
2017 |
796,587 |
-10.4 |
101.0 |
-10.6 |
2018 |
1,097,710 |
37.8 |
113.1 |
12.1 |
2019 |
931,400 |
-15.2 |
112.6 |
-0.5 |
2020 |
886,907 |
-4.8 |
88.5 |
-24.0 |
2021 |
929,025 |
4.7 |
102.7 |
14.1 |
2022 |
965,612 |
3.9 |
95.9 |
-6.7 |
2023 |
952,615 |
-1.3 |
46.8 |
-49.1 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Marijuana use and workers compensation issues
As of June 2019, more than 30 states, the District of Columbia, Guam and Puerto Rico have programs that allow qualifying patients to access medical marijuana products. Another 13 states permit non-intoxicating medical products. Eleven states and D.C. permit recreational marijuana for adults over the age of 21. The laws and regulations governing the use of legal marijuana vary by state, and have impacts on workplace safety, employer duties and obligations, and workers compensation insurance. Federal law prohibits marijuana for any purpose.
Marijuana as an intoxicant has raised concerns about workplace safety where medical and recreational marijuana is legal, according to the Insurance Information Institute’s white paper, Haze of Confusion. The complications in determining user impairment from marijuana intoxication and a lack of reliable data on workplace marijuana use make it difficult to determine how marijuana might affect workplace safety. Marijuana potency is linked to THC, the active chemical that induces intoxication from marijuana. A key issue in determining the prevalence and effects of workplace marijuana impairment is “THC persistence,” the length of time THC is detectable in the blood. Unlike alcohol, THC levels in a user’s body may not be an accurate indication of impairment (see Marijuana and impaired driving). While most studies agree that marijuana intoxication impairs coordination, memory, attention, cognitive flexibility and reaction time, it is not currently possible to determine worker impairment based on THC levels alone. However, marijuana’s intoxicating effects have caused concern that workers using marijuana, whether off-duty or on-duty, may endanger themselves and their colleagues, particularly in safety-sensitive occupations.
There are conflicting findings concerning marijuana and workplace accident risks. A RAND Corp. survey of studies concluded that “the proportion of occupational injuries attributed to acute substance use [of marijuana and other drugs] is relatively small.” A 2017 National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) study concluded that there is “insufficient evidence to support or refute a statistical association between cannabis use and occupational accidents or injuries.” However, according to the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse, some evidence supports that workers who test positive for marijuana are more likely to be involved in a workplace accident, while a 2018 study in the International Journal of Drug Policy found evidence that medical marijuana legalization may be associated with a decline in workplace fatalities among workers aged 25 to 44. Also clouding the picture is THC persistence, which makes it difficult if not impossible to determine whether a worker with a positive test was intoxicated at the time of an accident.
Medical use
No state that permits medical marijuana requires employers to accommodate on-duty marijuana use and possession, or to tolerate impairment. States will often explicitly make clear that medical marijuana laws do not affect an employer’s drug-free workplace policy. States do differ on whether an employer must accommodate off-duty medical marijuana use, with various courts taking conflicting positions. About 13 states protect patients from discrimination or adverse employment actions based solely on their off-duty marijuana use or on their status as medical marijuana cardholders. Some states also require employers to provide “reasonable accommodations” to medical marijuana cardholders with some conditions, and these laws may fall under state disability laws.
No state protects on-duty recreational marijuana use. State laws will often explicitly state that recreational marijuana laws do not affect an employer’s drug-free workplace policy.
Implications for insurers
Coverage under employment practices liability insurance (EPLI) policies, which cover businesses against claims by employees alleging discrimination or wrongful termination, could be affected as marijuana and employment issues evolve, especially if states and/or courts begin to take a more affirmative stance that disability laws and other accommodation laws cover medical or recreational marijuana use.
Workers compensation insurers need to address these issues related to marijuana use:
- Whether workers compensation covers a workplace injury in which the injured employee has tested positive for marijuana
- Whether workers compensation reimburses medical marijuana expenses incurred by an injured employee, and if so, how reimbursement works
The answers to these questions will largely depend on state law, as workers compensation is regulated on the state level and medical marijuana regulations vary by state. Workers compensation boards and courts can also interpret state statutes differently.
Most states restrict benefits if an employee was intoxicated at the time of injury or if the intoxication was a “proximate cause” of the injury. Some states limit compensation if an injured employee refuses to take a drug test. However, as stated previously it is difficult to determine whether an injured worker was impaired by marijuana when an accident occurred because THC levels in a user’s body may not be an accurate indication of impairment.
A handful of states hold that medical marijuana is a permissible and reimbursable treatment under workers compensation. Whether workers compensation insurers are required to reimburse medical marijuana expenses depends on the state. Many state medical marijuana laws specifically exempt certain entities from a reimbursement requirement--usually health insurance providers. It has been argued, as in New York state, that these types of exemptions do not include workers compensation insurers. Other state medical marijuana laws specifically exempt workers compensation insurers and employers from being required to reimburse medical marijuana. In contrast, some states specifically prohibit reimbursement or make medical marijuana ineligible for reimbursement.
Currently an injured worker who qualifies for reimbursement under workers compensation is responsible for any purchases from a licensed medical marijuana dispensary. The worker then bills the workers compensation insurer or employer. Reimbursement is impeded by the fact that proper dosages for medical marijuana are still poorly understood and are not standardized across state medical programs. Furthermore, the potency of available medical marijuana and the maximum permissible purchasing amount varies by state.
Other Liability Insurance
Other liability insurance protects the policyholder from legal liability arising from negligence, carelessness or a failure to act that causes property damage or personal injury to others. It includes errors and omissions, umbrella liability and liquor liability. Product liability, a separate line of insurance, protects the manufacturer, distributor or seller of a product from legal liability resulting from a defective condition that caused personal injury or damage associated with the use of the product.
Other Liability Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$44,181,272 |
5.0% |
96.6 |
-0.2 pts. |
2015 |
45,585,794 |
3.2 |
101.6 |
5.0 |
2016 |
44,591,885 |
-2.2 |
110.8 |
9.2 |
2017 |
46,676,454 |
4.7 |
100.8 |
-9.9 |
2018 |
58,590,945 |
25.5 |
100.1 |
-0.8 |
2019 |
60,546,948 |
3.3 |
105.5 |
5.4 |
2020 |
69,433,248 |
14.7 |
106.0 |
0.4 |
2021 |
84,205,197 |
21.3 |
97.1 |
-8.9 |
2022 |
94,278,632 |
12.0 |
96.7 |
-0.4 |
2023 |
95,611,730 |
1.4 |
100.1 |
3.4 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Product Liability Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$2,674,183 |
-1.6% |
134.4 |
-20.9 pts. |
2015 |
2,796,761 |
4.6 |
130.6 |
-3.7 |
2016 |
2,422,721 |
-13.4 |
124.1 |
-6.5 |
2017 |
2,689,115 |
11.0 |
102.1 |
-22.0 |
2018 |
2,794,716 |
3.9 |
122.3 |
20.2 |
2019 |
3,017,099 |
8.0 |
108.5 |
-13.8 |
2020 |
3,239,063 |
7.4 |
88.2 |
-20.3 |
2021 |
3,561,024 |
9.9 |
100.5 |
12.2 |
2022 |
4,295,605 |
20.6 |
89.5 |
-11.0 |
2023 |
4,444,481 |
3.5 |
99.9 |
10.4 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Commercial And Farmowners Multiple Peril Insurance
Commercial multiple peril insurance is a package policy that includes property, boiler and machinery, crime and general liability coverages. Farmowners multiple peril insurance, similar to homeowners insurance, provides coverage to farmowners and ranchowners against a number of named perils and liabilities. It covers a dwelling and its contents, as well as barns, stables and other structures.
Commercial Multiple Peril Insurance, 2014-2023
|
Total |
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
2014 |
$34,375,127 |
3.4% |
2019 |
$38,937,896 |
3.7% |
2015 |
34,741,695 |
1.1 |
2020 |
40,995,696 |
5.3 |
2016 |
34,099,664 |
-1.8 |
2021 |
43,821,302 |
6.9 |
2017 |
34,190,669 |
0.3 |
2022 |
48,711,809 |
11.2 |
2018 |
37,558,700 |
9.9 |
2023 |
54,842,611 |
12.6 |
Nonliability Portion |
Year |
Net Premiums
Written (1) |
Annual Percent
Change |
Combined
Ratio (2) |
Annual Point
Change (3) |
Year |
Net Premiums
Written (1) |
Annual Percent
Change |
Combined
Ratio (2) |
Annual Point
Change (3) |
2014 |
$21,983,697 |
4.4% |
96.8 |
3.5 pts. |
2019 |
$23,341,478 |
3.4% |
102.8 |
-4.9 pts. |
2015 |
21,478,010 |
-2.3 |
91.6 |
-5.2 |
2020 |
25,606,682 |
9.7 |
111.3 |
8.5 |
2016 |
20,840,849 |
-3.0 |
98.2 |
6.6 |
2021 |
27,382,237 |
6.9 |
109.7 |
-1.6 |
2017 |
20,673,258 |
-0.8 |
111.8 |
13.6 |
2022 |
30,552,927 |
11.6 |
102.8 |
-6.9 |
2018 |
22,570,966 |
9.2 |
107.7 |
-4.0 |
2023 |
35,483,846 |
16.1 |
105.2 |
2.4 |
|
Liability Portion |
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$12,391,430 |
1.7% |
103.6 |
-0.2 pts. |
2019 |
$15,596,418 |
4.1% |
108.2 |
4.9 pts. |
2015 |
13,263,685 |
7.0 |
99.2 |
-4.4 |
2020 |
15,389,014 |
-1.3 |
106.2 |
-2.0 |
2016 |
13,258,815 |
0.0 |
105.5 |
6.4 |
2021 |
16,439,065 |
6.8 |
100.9 |
-5.3 |
2017 |
13,517,411 |
2.0 |
101.4 |
-4.1 |
2022 |
18,158,882 |
10.5 |
109.3 |
8.4 |
2018 |
14,987,734 |
10.9 |
103.3 |
1.9 |
2023 |
19,358,765 |
6.6 |
109.9 |
0.5 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence; Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Farmowners Multiple Peril Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$3,628,084 |
3.3% |
95.4 |
1.5 pts. |
2015 |
3,762,451 |
3.7 |
89.9 |
-5.6 |
2016 |
3,802,197 |
1.1 |
93.6 |
3.8 |
2017 |
3,925,285 |
3.2 |
105.7 |
12.1 |
2018 |
4,128,898 |
5.2 |
97.0 |
-8.7 |
2019 |
4,327,315 |
4.8 |
99.0 |
2.0 |
2020 |
4,443,265 |
2.7 |
105.8 |
6.8 |
2021 |
5,351,474 |
20.4 |
97.6 |
-8.2 |
2022 |
5,696,483 |
6.4 |
108.8 |
11.2 |
2023 |
6,304,075 |
10.7 |
111.2 |
2.4 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Medical Professional Liability Insurance
Medical professional liability insurance covers facilities, doctors and other professionals in the medical field for liability claims arising from the treatment of patients.
Medical Professional Liability Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$8,475,474 |
-0.7% |
104.8 |
15.4 pts. |
2015 |
8,201,438 |
-3.2 |
102.3 |
-2.5 |
2016 |
8,194,935 |
-0.1 |
106.4 |
4.1 |
2017 |
8,062,046 |
-1.6 |
101.6 |
-4.8 |
2018 |
8,403,838 |
4.2 |
104.2 |
2.6 |
2019 |
8,724,352 |
3.8 |
112.3 |
8.1 |
2020 |
9,018,671 |
3.4 |
113.7 |
1.4 |
2021 |
10,038,410 |
11.3 |
107.9 |
-5.8 |
2022 |
10,615,760 |
5.8 |
102.4 |
-5.5 |
2023 |
11,083,170 |
4.4 |
109.8 |
7.4 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded numbers.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Fire And Allied Lines Insurance
Fire insurance provides coverage against losses caused by fire and lightning. It is usually sold as part of a package policy such as commercial multiple peril. Allied lines insurance includes property insurance that is usually bought in conjunction with a fire insurance policy. It includes coverage for wind and water damage and vandalism.
Fire Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$11,501,516 |
2.4% |
86.0 |
6.9 pts. |
2015 |
11,417,751 |
-0.7 |
84.9 |
-1.1 |
2016 |
11,005,907 |
-3.6 |
92.0 |
7.2 |
2017 |
10,688,228 |
-2.9 |
118.6 |
26.6 |
2018 |
11,622,617 |
8.7 |
111.4 |
-7.2 |
2019 |
11,935,179 |
2.7 |
95.9 |
-15.5 |
2020 |
13,196,751 |
10.6 |
104.5 |
8.6 |
2021 |
15,562,961 |
17.9 |
106.4 |
2.0 |
2022 |
16,542,615 |
6.3 |
94.4 |
-12.0 |
2023 |
20,985,419 |
26.9 |
85.9 |
-8.5 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Allied Lines Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$9,209,843 |
-0.5% |
89.5 |
-0.7 pts. |
2015 |
9,119,738 |
-1.0 |
88.1 |
-1.4 |
2016 |
9,758,591 |
7.0 |
98.5 |
10.4 |
2017 |
8,711,204 |
-10.7 |
166.3 |
67.8 |
2018 |
10,169,924 |
16.7 |
132.9 |
-33.4 |
2019 |
10,995,447 |
8.1 |
104.8 |
-28.1 |
2020 |
13,166,150 |
19.7 |
113.2 |
8.4 |
2021 |
14,783,759 |
12.3 |
106.6 |
-6.6 |
2022 |
15,760,146 |
6.6 |
106.1 |
-0.5 |
2023 |
19,430,998 |
23.3 |
102.0 |
-4.1 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Inland Marine And Ocean Marine Insurance
Inland marine insurance covers bridges and tunnels, goods in transit, movable equipment, unusual property and communications-related structures as well as expensive personal property. Ocean marine insurance provides coverage on all types of vessels, for property damage to the vessels and cargo, as well as associated liabilities. This line also includes special coverages such as builder’s risk that protects structures and materials during new construction projects or renovations.
Inland Marine Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$10,990,045 |
8.3% |
83.3 |
-0.2 pts. |
2015 |
11,417,332 |
3.9 |
83.8 |
0.4 |
2016 |
11,407,517 |
-0.1 |
83.4 |
-0.3 |
2017 |
11,973,638 |
5.0 |
90.0 |
6.5 |
2018 |
14,588,646 |
21.8 |
86.3 |
-3.7 |
2019 |
15,605,039 |
7.0 |
86.5 |
0.2 |
2020 |
14,905,158 |
-4.5 |
97.9 |
11.4 |
2021 |
17,614,034 |
18.2 |
86.8 |
-11.1 |
2022 |
21,274,924 |
20.8 |
86.1 |
-0.7 |
2023 |
22,692,573 |
6.7 |
82.1 |
-4.0 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded numbers.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Ocean Marine Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$2,910,377 |
1.6% |
91.2 |
-7.0 pts. |
2015 |
2,831,564 |
-2.7 |
94.3 |
3.1 |
2016 |
2,549,417 |
-10.0 |
97.0 |
2.7 |
2017 |
2,370,488 |
-7.0 |
110.3 |
13.2 |
2018 |
2,885,727 |
21.7 |
100.6 |
-9.6 |
2019 |
3,182,069 |
10.3 |
105.3 |
4.6 |
2020 |
3,441,635 |
8.2 |
97.9 |
-7.3 |
2021 |
3,902,359 |
13.4 |
101.0 |
3.1 |
2022 |
4,130,075 |
5.8 |
87.4 |
-13.6 |
2023 |
4,655,073 |
12.7 |
81.4 |
-6.0 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded numbers.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
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Surety And Fidelity
Surety bonds provide monetary compensation in the event that a policyholder fails to perform certain acts such as the proper fulfillment of a construction contract within a stated period. Surety bonds are usually purchased by the party that has contracted to complete a project. They are required for public projects in order to protect taxpayers. Fidelity bonds, which are usually purchased by an employer, protect against losses caused by employee fraud or dishonesty.
Surety Bonds, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$5,000,382 |
2.7% |
69.5 |
-3.3 pts. |
2015 |
5,139,873 |
2.8 |
73.8 |
4.3 |
2016 |
5,138,543 |
0.0 |
72.0 |
-1.8 |
2017 |
5,390,826 |
4.9 |
72.3 |
0.3 |
2018 |
6,357,877 |
17.9 |
70.3 |
-2.0 |
2019 |
6,556,404 |
3.1 |
71.0 |
0.7 |
2020 |
6,691,307 |
2.1 |
78.1 |
7.1 |
2021 |
7,106,637 |
6.2 |
69.6 |
-8.5 |
2022 |
8,238,781 |
15.9 |
64.3 |
-5.3 |
2023 |
9,320,996 |
13.1 |
69.4 |
5.2 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Fidelity Bonds, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$1,165,280 |
3.7% |
92.7 |
-0.2 pts. |
2015 |
1,161,375 |
-0.3 |
77.3 |
-15.4 |
2016 |
1,093,925 |
-5.8 |
80.1 |
2.8 |
2017 |
986,403 |
-9.8 |
73.9 |
-6.1 |
2018 |
1,215,457 |
23.2 |
73.3 |
-0.6 |
2019 |
1,274,474 |
4.9 |
90.6 |
17.3 |
2020 |
1,338,681 |
5.0 |
77.6 |
-13.0 |
2021 |
1,362,893 |
1.8 |
66.1 |
-11.6 |
2022 |
1,374,180 |
0.8 |
70.9 |
4.8 |
2023 |
1,368,137 |
-0.4 |
74.4 |
3.5 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
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Mortgage Guaranty Insurance
Private mortgage insurance (PMI), also known as mortgage guaranty insurance, guarantees that in the event of a default, the insurer will pay the mortgage lender for any loss resulting from a property foreclosure, up to a specific amount. PMI, which is purchased by the borrower but protects the lender, is sometimes confused with mortgage life insurance, a life insurance product that pays off the mortgage if the borrower dies before the loan is repaid. Banks generally require PMI for all borrowers with down payments of less than 20 percent of the home price. The industry’s combined ratio, a measure of profitability, deteriorated (i.e., rose) significantly in 2007 and 2008, reflecting the economic downturn and the subsequent rise in mortgage defaults, and remained at high levels through 2012. The combined ratio began falling in 2012 and by 2018 had fallen to 29.2, the lowest since S&P Global Market Intelligence began collecting data on mortgage guaranty insurance in 1996.
Mortgage Guaranty Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$4,180,006 |
-3.5% |
70.2 |
-27.7 pts. |
2015 |
4,681,917 |
12.0 |
58.1 |
-12.1 |
2016 |
4,410,832 |
-5.8 |
49.9 |
-8.1 |
2017 |
4,376,797 |
-0.8 |
40.4 |
-9.5 |
2018 |
4,693,844 |
7.2 |
29.2 |
-11.2 |
2019 |
4,862,954 |
3.6 |
32.8 |
3.6 |
2020 |
4,765,345 |
-2.0 |
62.8 |
30.0 |
2021 |
4,684,480 |
-1.7 |
31.5 |
-31.3 |
2022 |
4,271,964 |
-8.8 |
2.9 |
-28.6 |
2023 |
4,227,014 |
-1.1 |
20.0 |
17.2 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Top 10 Writers Of Mortgage Guaranty Insurance By Direct Premiums Written, 2023
Rank |
Group/company |
Direct premiums written (1) |
Market share (2) |
1 |
MGIC Investment Corp. |
$1,097,917 |
19.3% |
2 |
Arch Capital Group Ltd. |
1,022,749 |
18.0 |
3 |
Genworth Financial Inc. |
988,237 |
17.4 |
4 |
Radian Group Inc. |
983,275 |
17.3 |
5 |
Essent Group Ltd. |
920,327 |
16.2 |
6 |
NMI Holdings Inc. |
619,670 |
10.9 |
7 |
PMI Group Inc. |
26,764 |
0.5 |
8 |
Old Republic International Corp. |
16,451 |
0.3 |
9 |
Biglari Holdings Inc. |
504 |
(3) |
10 |
Chubb Ltd. |
17 |
(3) |
|
(1) Before reinsurance transactions, includes state funds.
(2) Based on U.S. total, excluding territories.
(3) Less than 0.1 percent.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
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Financial Guaranty Insurance
Financial guaranty insurance, also known as bond insurance, helps expand financial markets by increasing borrower and lender leverage. It guarantees the principal and interest payments on municipal obligations.
Financial guaranty insurers are specialized, highly capitalized companies that traditionally have the highest rating. The insurer’s high rating attaches to the bonds, thus lowering the risk of the bonds to investors. With their credit rating thus enhanced, municipalities can issue bonds that pay a lower interest rate, enabling them to borrow more for the same outlay of funds. The combined ratio climbed to 421.4 in 2008 at the height of the economic downturn. In 2013 the combined ratio fell below zero as several companies reduced loss reserves by more than $2 billion combined as a result of strains created by the financial crisis. Over the years financial guaranty insurers have expanded their reach beyond municipal bonds and now insure a wide array of products, including mortgage-backed securities, pools of credit default swaps and other structured transactions.
Financial Guaranty Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$488,482 |
-31.2% |
91.3 |
94.7 pts. |
2015 |
418,792 |
-14.3 |
99.0 |
7.8 |
2016 |
364,531 |
-13.0 |
177.6 |
78.6 |
2017 |
420,844 |
15.4 |
318.7 |
141.1 |
2018 |
364,313 |
-13.4 |
130.5 |
-188.3 |
2019 |
391,160 |
7.4 |
181.6 |
51.1 |
2020 |
448,456 |
14.6 |
246.2 |
64.6 |
2021 |
372,543 |
-16.9 |
47.0 |
-199.2 |
2022 |
332,216 |
-10.8 |
105.1 |
58.1 |
2023 |
291,859 |
-12.1 |
275.9 |
170.8 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Top Seven Writers Of Financial Guaranty Insurance By Direct Premiums Written, 2023
Rank |
Group/company |
Direct premiums written (1) |
Market share (2) |
1 |
Assured Guaranty Ltd. |
$161,998 |
63.5% |
2 |
Build America Mutual Assr Co. |
59,871 |
23.5 |
3 |
Ambac Financial Group Inc. |
16,801 |
6.6 |
4 |
MBIA Inc. |
12,034 |
4.7 |
5 |
Syncora Guarantee Inc. |
2,802 |
1.1 |
6 |
Financial Guaranty Insurance Co. |
1,382 |
0.5 |
7 |
Radian Group Inc. |
416 |
0.2 |
|
(1) Before reinsurance transactions, includes state funds.
(2) Based on U.S. total, excluding territories.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
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Burglary And Theft Insurance And Boiler And Machinery Insurance
Burglary and theft insurance covers the loss of property, money and securities due to burglary, robbery or larceny. Boiler and machinery insurance is also known as mechanical breakdown, equipment breakdown or systems breakdown coverage. Among the types of equipment covered by this insurance are heating, cooling, electrical, telephone/communications and computer equipment.
Burglary And Theft Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$226,247 |
9.2% |
59.9 |
17.7 pts. |
2015 |
230,777 |
2.0 |
61.4 |
1.5 |
2016 |
255,466 |
10.7 |
46.5 |
-14.9 |
2017 |
222,936 |
-12.7 |
48.9 |
2.4 |
2018 |
280,103 |
25.6 |
77.4 |
28.5 |
2019 |
332,644 |
18.8 |
74.3 |
-3.1 |
2020 |
351,127 |
5.6 |
118.2 |
43.9 |
2021 |
396,296 |
12.9 |
79.8 |
-38.4 |
2022 |
585,006 |
47.6 |
71.6 |
-8.2 |
2023 |
551,388 |
-5.7 |
65.5 |
-6.1 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded numbers.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Boiler And Machinery Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2015 |
$1,682,090 |
-15.9% |
69.3 |
-6.9 pts |
2016 |
1,892,160 |
12.5 |
78.6 |
9.3 |
2017 |
2,043,204 |
8.0 |
76.4 |
-2.2 |
2018 |
2,600,761 |
27.3 |
86.4 |
9.9 |
2019 |
2,551,133 |
-1.9 |
72.9 |
-13.5 |
2020 |
2,830,040 |
10.9 |
85.3 |
12.5 |
2021 |
3,372,602 |
19.2 |
71.4 |
-13.9 |
2022 |
3,644,139 |
8.1 |
64.6 |
-6.9 |
2023 |
4,279,631 |
17.4 |
66.1 |
1.5 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded numbers.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
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Crop Insurance
Federally sponsored multiple peril crop insurance provides coverage for growing crops against miscellaneous perils such as wind, hail and vandalism. Multiple peril crop insurance is serviced by the private market but subsidized and reinsured by the federal government through the Federal Crop Insurance Corp (FCIC). Private crop insurance provides the same coverage but is not reinsured by the FCIC.
Private Crop Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$582,817 |
NA |
138.8 |
NA |
2015 |
584,600 |
0.3% |
146.2 |
7.3 pts. |
2016 |
455,410 |
-22.1 |
122.3 |
-23.9 |
2017 |
498,804 |
9.5 |
66.6 |
-55.7 |
2018 |
693,254 |
39.0 |
126.9 |
60.3 |
2019 |
686,589 |
-1.0 |
117.5 |
-9.4 |
2020 |
623,991 |
-9.1 |
146.9 |
29.5 |
2021 |
711,266 |
14.0 |
122.0 |
-25.0 |
2022 |
843,076 |
18.5 |
113.3 |
-8.7 |
2023 |
928,167 |
10.1 |
140.3 |
27.0 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
NA=Data not available.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Multiple Peril Crop Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$4,189,765 |
-15.2% |
104.9 |
1.6 pts. |
2015 |
3,680,768 |
-12.1 |
99.9 |
-5.1 |
2016 |
3,321,281 |
-9.8 |
81.7 |
-18.2 |
2017 |
4,742,005 |
42.8 |
95.8 |
14.1 |
2018 |
5,380,068 |
13.5 |
85.0 |
-10.8 |
2019 |
6,478,428 |
20.4 |
108.7 |
23.6 |
2020 |
6,128,159 |
-5.4 |
100.5 |
-8.2 |
2021 |
7,453,136 |
21.6 |
94.9 |
-5.6 |
2022 |
10,434,771 |
40.0 |
102.5 |
7.6 |
2023 |
10,336,487 |
-0.9 |
107.6 |
5.1 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded numbers.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables
Top 10 Writers Of Multiple Peril Crop Insurance By Direct Premiums Written, 2023
Rank |
Group/company |
Direct premiums written (1) |
Market share (2) |
1 |
QBE Insurance Group Ltd. |
$3,743,732 |
20.5% |
2 |
Chubb Ltd. |
3,504,350 |
19.2 |
3 |
Zurich Insurance Group |
2,861,603 |
15.7 |
4 |
Sompo |
2,467,788 |
13.5 |
5 |
Great American Insurance Group |
1,616,736 |
8.8 |
6 |
Farmers Mutual Hail Insurance Company of Iowa |
1,282,787 |
7.0 |
7 |
American International Group (AIG) |
1,018,225 |
5.6 |
8 |
Tokio Marine |
941,754 |
5.2 |
9 |
AXA |
266,646 |
1.5 |
10 |
Farm Bureau Financial Services |
196,065 |
1.1 |
|
(1) Before reinsurance transactions, includes state funds.
(2) Based on U.S. total, excluding territories.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
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Warranty Insurance
Warranty insurance coverage compensates for the cost of repairing or replacing defective products past the normal warranty period provided by manufacturers.
Warranty Insurance, 2014-2023
Year |
Net premiums
written (1) |
Annual percent
change |
Combined
ratio (2) |
Annual point
change (3) |
2014 |
$1,020,188 |
-11.7% |
93.5 |
-10.8 pts. |
2015 |
1,017,790 |
-0.2 |
107.9 |
14.4 |
2016 |
930,240 |
-8.6 |
88.8 |
-19.1 |
2017 |
1,090,590 |
17.2 |
90.6 |
1.8 |
2018 |
1,247,678 |
14.4 |
95.4 |
4.8 |
2019 |
1,155,275 |
-7.4 |
102.3 |
6.9 |
2020 |
1,238,138 |
7.2 |
84.6 |
-17.6 |
2021 |
1,426,672 |
15.2 |
87.7 |
3.1 |
2022 |
1,238,287 |
-13.2 |
88.2 |
0.5 |
2023 |
1,183,883 |
-4.4 |
95.2 |
7.0 |
|
(1) After reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds.
(2) After dividends to policyholders. A drop in the combined ratio represents an improvement; an increase represents a deterioration.
(3) Calculated from unrounded data.
Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.
View Archived Tables