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Facts + Statistics: Homeowners and renters insurance

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Homeowners insurance premiums

The average homeowners insurance premium rose by 7.6 percent in 2021 from 2020, according to a December 2023 study by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, the latest data available. The average renters insurance premium fell by 1.7 percent in 2021 marking the seventh consecutive annual decline.

Home inventories

According to a 2023 Triple-I/Munich Re Consumer Survey, 47 percent of homeowners said they prepared an inventory of their possessions to help document losses for their insurers.

Causes of homeowners insurance losses

In 2021, 5.3 percent of insured homes had a claim, according to ISO. Property damage, including theft, accounted for 97.8 percent of homeowners insurance claims in 2022 (latest data available). Changes in the percentage of each type of homeowners loss from one year to another are partially influenced by large fluctuations in the number and severity of weather-related events such as hurricanes and winter storms. There are two ways of looking at losses: by the average number of claims filed per 100 policies (frequency) and by the average amount paid for each claim (severity). The loss category “water damage and freezing” includes damage caused by mold, if covered.

Homeowners Insurance Losses, 2018-2022 (1)

 

Year Claim frequency (2) Claim severity (3) Year Claim frequency (2) Claim severity (3)
2018 6.31 $14,579 2021 5.39 16,801
2019 5.39 14,090 2022 5.45 18,311
2020 6.45 15,053 Average (4) 5.79 15,749

(1) For homeowners multiple peril policies (HO-2, HO-3, HO-5 and HE-7 for North Carolina). Excludes tenants and condominium policies. Excludes Alaska, Texas and Puerto Rico.
(2) Claims per 100 house-years (policies). One house-year represents policy coverage on a dwelling for 12 months.
(3) Average amount paid per claim; based on accident year incurred losses, excluding loss adjustment expenses, i.e., indemnity costs per accident year incurred claims.
(4) Weighted average, 2018-2022.

Source: ISO®, a Verisk Analytics® business.

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  • In 2022, 5.5 percent of insured homes experienced a claim, compared with 6.5 percent in 2020. 

 

Homeowners Insurance Losses By Cause, 2018-2022 (1)

(Percent of losses incurred)

Cause of loss 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Property damage (2) 97.4% 96.7% 97.2% 97.0% 97.8%
     Wind and hail 40.5 38.3 48.3 39.8 40.7
     Water damage and freezing 24.0 29.0 19.6 23.4 27.6
     Fire and lightning  25.4 21.1 21.1 23.3 21.9
     Theft 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.7
     All other property damage (3) 6.5 7.2 7.6 9.8 6.9
Liability (4) 2.5% 3.3% 2.8% 2.9% 2.1%
     Bodily injury and property damage 2.3 2.9 2.4 2.4 1.6
     Medical payments and other 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5
Credit card and other (5) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

(1) For homeowners multiple peril policies (HO-2, HO-3, HO-5 and HE-7 for North Carolina). Excludes tenants and condominium owners policies. Excludes Alaska, Texas and Puerto Rico.
(2) First party, i.e., covers damage to policyholder's own property.
(3) Includes vandalism and malicious mischief.
(4) Payments to others for which policyholder is responsible.
(5) Includes coverage for unauthorized use of various cards, forgery, counterfeit money and losses not otherwise classified.

Source: ISO®, a Verisk Analytics® business.

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Average Homeowners Losses, 2018-2022 (1)

(Weighted average, 2018-2022)

Cause of loss Claim frequency (2) Claim severity (3)
Property Damage (4) 5.69 $15,570
     Fire and lightning 0.24 83,991
     Water damage and freezing 1.61 13,954
     Wind and hail 2.82 13,511
     Theft 0.14 5,024
     All other (5) 0.89 7,798
Liability (6) 0.09 $26,175
     Bodily injury and property damage 0.07 31,690
     Medical payments and other 0.03 13,081
     Credit card and other (7) (8) $34,183
Average (property damage
and liability), 2018-2022		 5.79 $15,747

(1) For homeowners multiple peril policies (HO-2, HO-3, HO-5 and HE-7 for North Carolina). Excludes tenants and condominium owners policies. Excludes Alaska, Texas and Puerto Rico.
(2) Claims per 100 house years (policies).
(3) Accident year incurred losses, excluding loss adjustment expenses, i.e., indemnity costs per accident year incurred claims.
(4) First party, i.e., covers damage to policyholder's own property.
(5) Includes vandalism and malicious mischief.
(6) Payments to others for which policyholder is responsible.
(7) Includes coverage for unauthorized use of various cards, forgery, counterfeit money and losses not otherwise classified.
(8) Less than 0.01.
(9) Claim severity for credit card and other is significantly lower than was shown in previous years due to a change in the companies surveyed to produce the data. The new selection of companies use different exclusions which have been applied throughout the five years used in this chart.

Source: ISO®, a Verisk Analytics® business.

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  • In the five-year period, 2018-2022, 5.8 percent of insured homes had a claim. Wind and hail accounted for the largest share of claims, with 2.8 percent of insured homes having such a loss, followed by water damage and freezing with 1.6 percent of homes having a loss.

Homeowners Insurance Claims Frequency*

Each year,

  • About one in 35 insured homes has a property damage claim related to wind or hail. 
  • About one in 60 insured homes has a property damage claim caused by water damage or freezing. 
  • About one in 425 insured homes has a property damage claim related to fire and lightning. 
  • About one in 700 insured homes has a property damage claim due to theft 
  • About one in 1,100 homeowners policies has a liability claim related to the cost of lawsuits for bodily injury or property damage that the policyholder or family members cause to others. 

*Insurance Information Institute calculations, based on ISO®, a Verisk Analytics® business, data for homeowners insurance claims from 2018-2020 (see table above).

 

 

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Consumer prices

To shed light on inflation, the Bureau of Labor Statistics maintains a consumer price index (CPI) which tracks monthly and annual changes in the average prices paid by urban consumers for a representative basket of goods and services. The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) represents data for 93 percent of the U.S. population not living in remove rural areas, institutions, or on military bases. The CPI-U rose 2.9 percent in 2024. The cost of motor vehicle insurance for these consumers increased 17.8 percent in 2024 while the cost of used cars and trucks decreased -6.0 percent.

Consumer Price Indices For Insurance And Related Items And Annual Rates Of Change, 2015-2024 (Cont'd)

(Base: 1982-84=100)

  Used cars and trucks Tenants and
household insurance (3), (5)		 Repair of
household items (3), (6)		 Legal services (4) Existing single-
family homes
Year Index  Percent change Index  Percent change Index  Percent change Index  Percent change Median price ($000)  Percent change
2015 147.1 -1.3% 146.4 3.2% 220.1 3.6% 323.6 1.6% 223.9 7.5%
2016 143.5 -2.5 147.7 0.9 226.3 2.8 334.5 3.4 235.5 5.2
2017 138.3 -3.6 148.8 0.7 239.3 5.8 346.4 3.6 248.8 5.6
2018 138.4 0.1 150.7 1.3 253.7 6.0 361.2 4.3 261.6 5.1
2019 139.8 1.0 151.8 0.7 268.7 5.9 364.8 1.0 274.6 5.0
2020 144.2 3.2 151.1 -0.5 270.0 0.5 368.7 1.1 300.2 9.3
2021 182.6 26.6 150.7 -0.3 NA NA 374.4 1.5 357.1 19.0
2022 205.9 12.7 150.5 -0.1 NA NA 399.4 6.7 392.8 10.0
2023 191.2 -7.1 153.3 1.8 352.6 NA 432.9 8.4 394.1 0.3
2024 179.8 -6.0 158.3 3.3 NA NA NA NA 412.4 4.6
Percent change
2015-2024		   22.2%   8.1%   NA   NA   84.2%

(1) December 1996=100.
(2) December 1983=100.
(3) December 1997=100.
(4) December 1986=100.
(5) Only includes insurance covering rental properties.
(6) Includes appliances, reupholstery and inside home maintenance.

NA = Data not available

Note: Percent changes are calculated from unrounded data.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics; Copyright ©2025 “December Existing Home Sales.” NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS®. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission. February 7, 2025, https://www.nar.realtor/sites/default/files/2025-01/ehs-12-2024-summary-2025-01-24.pdf.

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Premiums for homeowners and renters insurance

Average Premiums for Homeowners and Renters Insurance, 2012-2021 (1)

 

Year Homeowners (2) Percent change Renters (3)  Percent change
2012 1,034 5.6% 187 (4)
2013 1,096 6.0 188 0.5%
2014 1,132 3.3 190 1.1
2015 1,173 3.6 188 -1.1
2016 1,192 1.6 185 -1.6
2017 1,211 1.6 180 -2.7
2018 1,249 3.1 179 -0.6
2019 1,272 1.8 174 -2.8
2020 1,311 3.1 173 -0.6
2021 1,411 7.6 170 -1.7

(1) Includes state funds, residual markets and some wind pools.
(2) Based on the HO-3 homeowner package policy for owner-occupied dwellings, 1 to 4 family units. Provides all risks coverage (except those specifically excluded in the policy) on buildings and broad named-peril coverage on personal property, and is the most common package written.
(3) Based on the HO-4 renters insurance policy for tenants. Includes broad named-peril coverage for the personal property of tenants.
(4) Less than 0.1 percent.

Source: National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). Further reprint or distribution strictly prohibited without written permission of NAIC.

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Average Premiums for Homeowners and Renters Insurance by State, 2021 (1)

 

  Homeowners Renters   Homeowners Renters
State Average
premium (2)		 Rank (3) Average
premium (4)		 Rank (3) State Average
premium (2)		 Rank (3) Average
premium (4)		 Rank (3)
Alabama 1,610 12 222 3 Montana 1,471 15 154 31
Alaska 1,067 35 184 8 Nebraska 1,684 9 141 46
Arizona 917 46 160 25 Nevada 863 48 175 14
Arkansas 1,611 11 206 5 New Hampshire 1,090 34 145 42
California (5) 1,403 20 177 13 New Jersey 1,309 23 151 34
Colorado 1,802 6 159 27 New Mexico 1,229 30 175 14
Connecticut 1,651 10 171 18 New York 1,455 17 164 22
Delaware 988 44 144 44 North Carolina 1,192 33 164 22
D.C. 1,272 25 150 36 North Dakota 1,256 27 114 51
Florida 2,437 1 175 14 Ohio 920 45 160 25
Georgia 1,466 16 205 6 Oklahoma 2,155 3 221 4
Hawaii 1,299 24 172 17 Oregon 793 50 150 36
Idaho 884 47 146 40 Pennsylvania 1,014 40 147 39
Illinois 1,223 31 154 31 Rhode Island 1,900 5 178 12
Indiana 1,058 36 162 24 South Carolina 1,432 18 184 8
Iowa 1,043 37 135 47 South Dakota 1,270 26 117 50
Kansas 1,491 14 159 27 Tennessee 1,368 21 183 10
Kentucky 1,232 29 156 30 Texas (6) 2,146 4 204 7
Louisiana 2,259 2 243 2 Utah 831 49 145 42
Maine 996 42 146 40 Vermont 1,025 38 150 36
Maryland 1,238 28 152 33 Virginia 1,199 32 151 34
Massachusetts 1,712 8 168 21 Washington 1,001 41 159 27
Michigan 993 43 179 11 West Virginia 1,016 39 170 20
Minnesota 1,607 13 132 48 Wisconsin 780 51 127 49
Mississippi 1,766 7 258 1 Wyoming 1,432 18 142 45
Missouri 1,340 22 171 18 United States $1,411   $170  

(1) Includes state funds, residual markets and some wind pools.
(2) Based on the HO-3 homeowner package policy for owner-occupied dwellings, 1 to 4 family units. Provides all risks coverage (except those specifically excluded in the policy) on buildings and broad named-peril coverage on personal property, and is the most common package written.
(3) Ranked from highest to lowest. States with the same premium receive the same rank.
(4) Based on the HO-4 renters insurance policy for tenants. Includes broad named-peril coverage for the personal property of tenants.
(5) Data provided by the California Department of Insurance.
(6) Texas data were obtained from the Texas Department of Insurance.

Note: Average premium=Premiums/exposure per house years. A house year is equal to 365 days of insured coverage for a single dwelling. The NAIC does not rank state average premiums and does not endorse any conclusions drawn from this data.

Source: National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). Further reprint or distribution strictly prohibited without written permission of NAIC.

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Top 10 Most Expensive And Least Expensive States For Homeowners Insurance Premiums, 2021 (1)

 

Rank (3) Most expensive states Average premium (2) Rank (3) Least expensive states Average premium (2)
1 Florida $2,437 1 Wisconsin $780
2 Louisiana 2,259 2 Oregon 793
3 Oklahoma 2,155 3 Utah 831
4 Texas (4) 2,146 4 Nevada 863
5 Rhode Island 1,900 5 Idaho 884
6 Colorado 1,802 6 Arizona 917
7 Mississippi 1,766 7 Ohio 920
8 Massachusetts 1,712 8 Delaware 988
9 Nebraska 1,684 9 Michigan 993
10 Connecticut 1,651 10 Maine 996

(1) Includes state funds, residual markets and some wind pools.
(2) Based on the HO-3 homeowner package policy for owner-occupied dwellings, 1 to 4 family units. Provides all risks coverage (except those specifically excluded in the policy) on buildings and broad named-peril coverage on personal property, and is the most common package written.
(3) Ranked from highest to lowest. States with the same premium receive the same rank.
(4) Texas data were obtained from the Texas Department of Insurance.

Note: Average premium=Premiums/exposure per house years. A house year is equal to 365 days of insured coverage for a single dwelling. The NAIC does not rank state average premiums and does not endorse any conclusions drawn from this data.

Source: National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). Further reprint or distribution strictly prohibited without written permission of NAIC.

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Top 10 Writers Of Homeowners Insurance By Direct Premiums Written, 2023

($000)

Rank Group/company Direct premiums written (1) Market share (2)
1 State Farm $27,037,940 17.8%
2 Allstate Corp. 13,551,256 8.9
3 Liberty Mutual 10,476,330 6.9
4 USAA Insurance Group 10,344,681 6.8
5 Farmers Insurance Group of Companies 8,981,110 5.9
6 Travelers Companies Inc. 7,569,914 5.0
7 American Family Insurance Group 7,010,000 4.6
8 Nationwide Mutual Group 4,077,262 2.7
9 Chubb Ltd. 3,888,844 2.6
10 Citizens Property Insurance Corp. 3,208,945 2.1

(1) Before reinsurance transactions, includes state funds.
(2) Based on U.S. total, excluding territories.

Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.

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Homeowners Insurance Industry Underwriting Expenses, 2023 (1)

 

Expense Percent of premiums
Losses and related expenses (2)  
Loss and loss adjustment expense (LAE) ratio 84.5%
    Incurred losses 75.5
    Defense and cost containment expenses incurred 1.7
    Adjusting and other expenses incurred 7.3
Operating expenses (3)  
Expense ratio 26.1%
    Net commissions and brokerage expenses incurred 11.8
    Taxes, licenses and fees 2.7
    Other acquisition and field supervision expenses incurred 6.6
    General expenses incurred 5.0
Dividends to policyholders (2) 0.4%
Combined ratio after dividends (4) 110.9%

(1) After reinsurance transactions.
(2) As a percent of net premiums earned ($119.9 billion in 2023).
(3) As a percent of net premiums written ($128.0 billion in 2023).
(4) Sum of loss and LAE, expense and dividends ratios. Calculated from unrounded data.

Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.

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Home injuries

In 2022, 36.1 million Americans experienced an unintentional injury in the home that required aid from a medical professional, according to an analysis by the National Safety Council (NSC). There were 128,800 deaths from this type of injury in 2022, up 0.5 percent from 2021. The overall death rate remained at 38.6 deaths per 100,000 people in 2022, an increase from 28 deaths per 100,000 people in 1912.  Poisonings and falls are driving the boom, making up a combined 87 percent of unintentional injury deaths. 

Unintentional Home Deaths And Injuries, 2022

 

Deaths 128,800
Medically consulted injuries 36,100,000
Death rate per 100,000 population 38.6

Source: National Safety Council estimates based on data from National Center for Health Statistics and state vital statistics departments.

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High-risk markets

A myriad of different programs across the United States provide insurance to owners of property in high-risk areas who may have difficulty obtaining coverage from the standard insurance market. Residual, shared or involuntary market programs make basic insurance coverage more readily available. Today, property insurance for the residual market is provided by Fair Access to Insurance Requirements (FAIR) plans, beach and windstorm plans, and two state-run insurance companies in Florida and Louisiana: Florida’s Citizens Property Insurance Corp. and Louisiana’s Citizens Property Insurance Corp. Established in the late 1960s to ensure the continued provision of insurance in urban areas, FAIR plans often provide property insurance in both urban and coastal areas. Beach and windstorm plans cover predominantly wind-only risks in designated coastal areas. Over the past four decades FAIR and beach and windstorm plans experienced explosive growth both in the number of policies and in exposure value.

Insurance Provided By FAIR Plans, Fiscal Years 2014-2023 (1)

 

  Number of policies    
Year Habitational Commercial Total Exposure (2)
($000)		 Direct premiums
written ($000)
2014 2,015,536 61,285 2,076,821 $424,732,706 $3,029,772
2015 1,728,423 51,443 1,779,866 373,829,442 2,198,182
2016 1,498,430 37,522 1,535,952 343,141,990 1,865,744
2017 1,449,312 29,641 1,478,953 327,209,703 1,747,336
2018 1,339,004 24,484 1,363,488 324,765,281 1,694,115
2019 1,370,999 25,776 1,396,775 350,545,986 1,506,609
2020 1,474,616 22,645 1,497,261 424,815,716 2,196,042
2021 1,729,208 24,352 1,753,560 556,808,169 3,012,193
2022 2,244,317 35,059 2,279,376 837,330,722 4,951,815
2023 2,657,457 47,593 2,705,050 1,068,082,544 7,379,977

(1) Includes the Texas FAIR Plan; Florida’s Citizens Property Insurance Corporation, which includes FAIR and Beach Plans; the Louisiana Citizens Property Insurance Corporation, which includes FAIR and Beach Plans and premiums written after 2007; and North Carolina after 2010.
(2) Exposure is the estimate of the aggregate value of all insurance in force in all FAIR Plans in all lines (except liability, where applicable, and crime) for 12 months ending September through December.

Source: Property Insurance Plans Service Office (PIPSO).

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Insurance Provided by Fair Plans By State, Fiscal Year 2023 (1)

 

  Number of policies    
State Habitational Commercial Total Exposure (2)
($000)		 Direct premiums
written ($000)
California 311,456 9,136 320,592 $278,388,720 $867,783
Connecticut  1,284 47 1,331 269,989 1,654
Delaware 1,087 60 1,147 213,763 536
D.C. 115 11 126 51,640 131
Florida (3) 1,528,517 13,799 1,542,316 552,759,992 5,070,988
Georgia 8,558 549 9,107 1,754,733 13,951
Hawaii (4) 1,995 N/A 1,995 742,893 4,639
Illinois 1,755 51 1,806 296,551 3,504
Indiana 692 26 718 117,452 1,940
Iowa 955 15 970 59,776 898
Kansas 11,666 164 11,830 809,587 7,343
Kentucky 4,373 189 4,562 205,055 2,474
Louisiana (3) 172,994 11,175 184,169 46,072,483 618,060
Maryland 622 44 666 247,301 658
Massachusetts 194,378 193 194,571 98,009,485 339,568
Michigan 15,532 259 15,791 2,354,177 11,815
Minnesota 3,690 83 3,773 450,491 3,621
Mississippi (4) 2,501 0 2,501 149,625 1,864
Missouri 2,001 98 2,099 178,261 2,069
New Jersey 7,074 168 7,242 1,101,744 5,050
New Mexico 6,354 224 6,578 921,574 5,462
New York 19,376 1,311 20,687 7,447,000 28,314
North Carolina 219,770 8,028 227,798 43,561,755 206,262
Ohio 11,313 268 11,581 4,213,138 13,246
Oregon 1,923 108 2,031 502,312 1,960
Pennsylvania 8,946 816 9,762 1,111,612 4,709
Rhode Island 13,424 105 13,529 5,151,569 27,144
Texas (4) 79,401 0 79,401 16,275,783 113,460
Virginia 21,248 458 21,706 3,989,731 17,342
Washington 187 61 248 100,908 512
West Virginia 235 33 268 21,780 195
Wisconsin 4,035 114 4,149 551,664 2,825
Total 2,657,457 47,593 2,705,050 $1,068,082,544 $7,379,977

(1) Excludes the FAIR Plans of Arkansas.
(2) Exposure is the estimate of the aggregate value of all insurance in force in all FAIR Plans in all lines (except liability, where applicable, and crime) for 12 months ending September through December.
(3) Citizens Property Insurance Corporation, which combined the FAIR and Beach Plans.
(4) The Hawaii, Mississippi and Texas FAIR Plans do not offer a commercial policy.

Source: Property Insurance Plans Service Office (PIPSO). 

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Renters and homeowners demographics

In 2023, 65.2 percent of occupied housing units were owner occupied and 34.8 percent were renter occupied, according to the latest U.S. Census figures. 

The nation's homeowners paid a median of $1,904 monthly housing costs in 2023, compared with $1,406 for renters, according to the latest American Community Survey from the U.S. Census Bureau. 

However, renters usually paid a higher percentage of their household income on these costs than did owners, 48.2 percent compared with 27.8 percent of homeowners who spent 30 percent or more of their income on housing costs in 2022. 

Percent Of Occupied Housing Units That Are Owner Occupied, 2023

 

State Percent Rank (1) State Percent Rank (1)
Alabama 70.1% 14 Montana 69.2% 19
Alaska 66.3 32 Nebraska 66.3 32
Arizona 67.7 27 Nevada 60.4 48
Arkansas 66.2 35 New Hampshire 72.4 7
California 55.9 49 New Jersey 63.7 41
Colorado 65.7 37 New Mexico 69.3 18
Connecticut 65.7 37 New York 54.1 50
Delaware 73.6 3 North Carolina 66.3 32
D.C. 39.1 51 North Dakota 63.7 41
Florida 68.1 22 Ohio 67.1 30
Georgia 66.1 36 Oklahoma 65.1 39
Hawaii 62.4 46 Oregon 63.4 44
Idaho 72.5 6 Pennsylvania 69.5 16
Illinois 67.4 28 Rhode Island 64.0 40
Indiana 70.4 13 South Carolina 72.4 7
Iowa 71.8 10 South Dakota 69.4 17
Kansas 66.7 31 Tennessee 67.3 29
Kentucky 68.8 20 Texas 62.6 45
Louisiana 68.1 22 Utah 70.1 14
Maine 74.4 1 Vermont 73.2 5
Maryland 67.9 24 Virginia 67.8 26
Massachusetts 62.3 47 Washington 63.7 41
Michigan 73.7 2 West Virginia 73.5 4
Minnesota 72.0 9 Wisconsin 67.9 24
Mississippi 71.1 12 Wyoming 71.2 11
Missouri 68.8 20 United States 65.2%  

(1) States with the same percentages receive the same rank.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau; American Community Survey.

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  • In 2023, West Virginia, Maine, Michigan, Delaware, and Vermont had the highest percentage of owner-occupied housing units.
  • The District of Columbia had the lowest percentage of owner-occupied units, followed by New York, California, and Nevada. 

 

Percent Of Mortgaged Owners Occupied Units Spending 30 Percent Or More Of Their Income On Monthly Owner Costs, 2023

 

State Percent (1) Rank (2) State Percent (1) Rank (2)
Alabama 23.2% 41 Montana 30.4% 10
Alaska 29.7 13 Nebraska 22.4 45
Arizona 27.6 23 Nevada 30.8 8
Arkansas 22.8 42 New Hampshire 28.1 21
California 38.4 2 New Jersey 31.7 5
Colorado 30.9 7 New Mexico 28.2 19
Connecticut 29.7 13 New York 33.7 4
Delaware 26.1 29 North Carolina 24.9 32
D.C. 23.3 40 North Dakota 19.4 51
Florida 36.2 3 Ohio 21.2 48
Georgia 27.0 24 Oklahoma 25.3 30
Hawaii 40.2 1 Oregon 31.6 6
Idaho 28.5 18 Pennsylvania 24.2 37
Illinois 26.8 25 Rhode Island 29.4 15
Indiana 21.0 49 South Carolina 24.3 35
Iowa 21.6 47 South Dakota 24.6 33
Kansas 24.3 35 Tennessee 24.6 33
Kentucky 22.7 44 Texas 30.2 12
Louisiana 28.8 16 Utah 26.5 28
Maine 28.8 16 Vermont 28.2 19
Maryland 26.7 26 Virginia 25.2 31
Massachusetts 30.7 9 Washington 30.4 10
Michigan 24.0 39 West Virginia 19.8 50
Minnesota 24.2 37 Wisconsin 22.8 42
Mississippi 26.7 26 Wyoming 27.8 22
Missouri 21.9 46 United States 28.5%  

(1) Percent of mortgaged owner-occupied housing units spending 30 percent or more of household income on selected owner costs such as all mortgage payments (first mortgage, home equity loans, etc.), real estate taxes, property insurance, utilities, fuel and condominium fees if applicable.
(2) States with the same percentages receive the same rank.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau; American Community Survey.

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  • In 2023, Hawaii, California, New Jersey and Florida, and New York had the highest homeownership costs, based on the percentage of homes in which owners spent 30 percent or more of their income on homeowner-ownership related expenses.
  • North Dakota Ohio, Iowa, West Virginia, and Indiana had the lowest costs, based on the percentage of homes in which owners spent 30 percent of more of their income on homeowner-ownership expenses.

 

Percent Of Renter Occupied Units Spending 30 Percent Or More Of Their Income On Rent And Utilities, 2023

 

State Percent (1) Rank (2) State Percent (1) Rank (2)
Alabama 43.6% 35 Montana 41.8% 41
Alaska 40.5 46 Nebraska 40.9 44
Arizona 50.6 6 Nevada 54.0 2
Arkansas 41.2 43 New Hampshire 49.0 14
California 53.3 3 New Jersey 48.5 15
Colorado 50.7 5 New Mexico 44.0 33
Connecticut 49.8 10 New York 48.5 15
Delaware 47.5 18 North Carolina 44.8 28
D.C. 42.5 38 North Dakota 34.1 51
Florida 57.9 1 Ohio 44.2 32
Georgia 49.4 12 Oklahoma 42.8 37
Hawaii 52.1 4 Oregon 50.6 6
Idaho 45.6 22 Pennsylvania 45.5 23
Illinois 43.6 35 Rhode Island 45.0 26
Indiana 45.4 24 South Carolina 46.5 20
Iowa 40.6 45 South Dakota 38.1 49
Kansas 40.4 47 Tennessee 44.7 29
Kentucky 42.2 39 Texas 49.8 10
Louisiana 49.2 13 Utah 44.9 27
Maine 44.7 29 Vermont 44.7 29
Maryland 50.4 8 Virginia 45.7 21
Massachusetts 50.2 9 Washington 48.1 17
Michigan 47.0 19 West Virginia 38.7 48
Minnesota 45.2 25 Wisconsin 41.4 42
Mississippi 43.9 34 Wyoming 37.4 50
Missouri 42.1 40 United States 48.2%  

(1) Percent of renter-occupied units spending 30 percent or more on rent and utilities such as electric, gas, water and sewer, and fuel (oil, coal, etc.) if paid by the renter.
(2) States with the same percentages receive the same rank.

Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau; American Community Survey.

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  • Nationwide, 48.2 percent of renters spent at least 30 percent of their household income on rent and utilities in 2023.
  • In 2023 North Dakota, South Dakota, Wyoming and West Virginia had the lowest percentage of rental units in which occupants spent 30 percent or more of their income on rent. Florida, Hawaii, California, Nevada and Colorado had the highest percentage. 

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