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Facts + Statistics: Industry overview

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Property/Casualty And Life/Annuity Insurance Premiums, 2024 (1)

(US$ billions)

us_pc_and_la_ins_prem_24.gif

(1) Property/casualty: net premiums written after reinsurance transactions, excludes state funds; life/annuity: premiums, annuity considerations (fees for annuity contracts) and deposit-type funds. Both sectors include accident and health insurance.

Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence: Insurance Expense Exhibits, Summary of Operations; Insurance Information Institute.

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Employment In Insurance, 2015-2024

(Annual averages, 000)

  Insurance carriers Insurance agencies, brokerages and related services  
  Direct insurers (1)            
Year Life and
health (2)		 Property/
casualty		 Reinsurers Total Insurance
agencies
and brokers		 Other
insurance-
related
activities (3)		 Total Total
industry
2015 829.8 611.6 25.1 1,466.5 762.8 309.1 1,071.9 2,538.4
2016 818.9 643.5 25.3 1,487.7 783.5 321.5 1,105.0 2,592.7
2017 850.4 639.7 26.6 1,516.7 809.6 333.3 1,142.9 2,659.6
2018 882.8 629.5 28.6 1,540.9 825.6 346.2 1,171.8 2,712.7
2019 931.2 650.3 28.6 1,610.1 842.8 349.5 1,192.3 2,802.4
2020 945.6 653.9 27.6 1,627.1 856.5 352.3 1,208.8 2,835.9
2021 908.7 646.9 28.1 1,583.7 886.6 354.5 1,241.1 2,824.8
2022 900.9 684.9 30.2 1,616.0 934.8 367.2 1,302.0 2,918.0
2023 907.9 679.7 30.8 1,618.4 966.6 384.3 1,350.9 2,969.3
2024 (4) 904.4 678.7 31.0 1,614.1 1,004.6 382.7 1,387.3 3,001.4

(1) Establishments primarily engaged in initially underwriting insurance policies.
(2) Includes establishments engaged in underwriting annuities, life insurance and health and medical insurance policies.
(3) Includes claims adjusters, third-party administrators of insurance funds and other service personnel such as advisory and insurance ratemaking services.
(4) Preliminary.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.

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A property/casualty insurer must maintain a certain level of surplus to underwrite risks. This financial cushion is known as “capacity.” When the industry is hit by high losses, such as a major hurricane, capacity is diminished. It can be restored by increases in net income, favorable investment returns, reinsuring more risk, and/or raising additional capital.

Property/Casualty Insurance Industry Income Analysis, 2020-2024

($ billions)

  2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Net premiums written  $655.8 $715.7 $778.2 $857.9 $918.6
     Percent change 2.5% 9.1% 8.7% 10.2% 7.1%
Premiums earned  $643.0 $689.8 $748.7 $821.7 $888.5
Losses and loss adjustment expenses incurred 451.0 500.7 569.8 627.5 631.7
Other underwriting expenses 179.4 188.6 199.8 213.9 230.9
Policyholder dividends 7.7 4.6 3.3 3.6 4.2
Net underwriting gain/loss 12.1 -0.4 -22.4 -20.3 26.2
Net investment income 53.5 56.1 71.5 72.7 86.7
Miscellaneous income/loss -1.9 0.1 -1.5 -2.8 -2.9
Operating income 59.3 54.6 47.9 49.9 110.1
Realized capital gain 10.7 17.5 -3.9 48.1 79.3
Federal income tax 8.7 9.1 6.1 11.0 19.6
Net income after taxes 61.3 63.0 37.9 87.0 169.8

Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence: Income Statement; Insurance Information Institute.

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Top 10 Writers Of Property/Casualty Insurance By Direct Premiums Written, 2024

($000)

Rank Group/company Direct premiums written (1) Market share (2)
1 State Farm $108,976,155 10.4%
2 Progressive 75,884,809 7.3
3 Berkshire Hathaway Inc. 62,297,165 6.0
4 Allstate Corp. 55,859,006 5.3
5 Liberty Mutual 42,753,028 4.1
6 Travelers Companies Inc. 41,852,540 4.0
7 USAA Insurance Group 36,093,612 3.5
8 Chubb Ltd. 32,292,201 3.1
9 Farmers Insurance Group of Companies 28,288,709 2.7
10 Zurich 18,478,052 1.8

(1) Before reinsurance transactions, includes state funds.
(2) Based on U.S. total, excluding territories.

Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.

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Top 10 Writers Of Life/Annuity Insurance By Direct Premiums Written, 2024

($000)

Rank Group/company Direct premiums written (1) Market share (2)
1 MetLife Inc. $97,725,650 8.6%
2 Equitable Holdings 94,384,263 8.3
3 Prudential Financial Inc. 64,963,495 5.7
4 New York Life Insurance Group 57,766,004 5.1
5 Athene Holding Ltd. 51,272,045 4.5
6 Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Co. 46,729,824 4.1
7 Corebridge Financial 38,215,904 3.4
8 Nationwide 35,558,199 3.1
9 Western & Southern Financial 35,141,556 3.1
10 Pacific Life 34,094,894 3.0

(1) Includes life insurance, annuity considerations, deposit-type contract funds and other considerations; excludes accident and health insurance. Before reinsurance transactions.
(2) Based on U.S. total, excluding territories.

Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute.

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Life/Annuity Insurance Income Statement, 2020-2024

($ billions, end of year)

  2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Percent change,
2020-2024 (1) 
Revenue            
Life insurance premiums $141.6 $159.1 $163.1 $121.4 $172.8 42.4%
Annuity premiums and deposits 301.2 290.2 350.6 360.8 432.2 19.8
Accident and health premiums 182.3 188.1 189.3 202.9 218.4 7.6
Other premiums and considerations (2) 6.5 6.0 7.3 0.7 1.1 57.0
Total premiums, consideration and deposits $631.6 $643.3 $710.3 $685.8 $824.5 20.2
Net investment income 192.2 208.3 205.5 225.3 247.7 9.9
Reinsurance allowance -22.8 8.4 38.2 28.6 -7.9 -127.8
Separate accounts revenue 38.1 41.8 39.2 38.1 36.3 -4.8
Other income 52.4 57.6 58.1 63.3 66.0 4.3
Total revenue $891.4 $959.5 $1,051.2 $1,041.1 $1,166.6 12.1
Expense            
Benefits 318.0 343.4 326.4 347.7 374.5 7.7
Surrenders 327.9 367.5 353.0 416.2 484.2 16.3
Increase in reserves 110.3 89.3 131.7 67.9 106.9 57.4
Transfers to separate accounts -70.0 -76.3 -51.1 -82.8 -87.8 6.1
Commissions 60.5 65.2 68.2 78.1 80.0 2.5
General and administrative expenses 68.4 71.1 72.2 77.6 79.1 2.0
Insurance taxes, licenses and fees 11.5 10.1 10.5 10.9 11.9 8.9
Other expenses 6.3 15.0 61.7 35.7 45.9 28.8
Total expenses $832.9 $885.2 $972.5 $951.3 $1,094.7 15.1
Net income            
Policyholder dividends 18.6 18.4 20.3 22.8 24.4 7.0
Net gain from operations before federal income tax 39.8 55.9 58.3 67.0 47.4 -29.2
Federal income tax 5.2 8.2 8.4 13.1 8.5 -35.7
Net income before capital gains $34.6 $47.7 $49.9 $53.8 $39.0 -27.6
Net realized capital gains (losses) -10.7 -7.6 -10.6 -15.4 -6.4 -58.3
Net income $23.9 $40.1 $39.3 $38.5 $32.6 -15.4
Pre-tax operating income 39.8 55.9 58.3 67.0 47.4 -29.2
Capital and surplus, end of year 460.4 499.7 489.5 512.7 523.0 2.0

(1) Calculated from unrounded data.
(2) The NAIC introduced changes for the Analysis of Operations and Analysis of Increase in Reserves exhibits for 2019 and future periods.

Source: NAIC data, sourced from S&P Global Market Intelligence, Insurance Information Institute. 

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